Principles Of Management

Decentralization The process in which the power or authority present in the hands of the State and Central Government is taken back and is allocated […]

Centralization Centralization refers to the process in which activities involving planning and decision-making within an organization. In a centralized organization, the decision-making powers are retained […]

Matrix Organizational Structure A matrix organizational structure is a company structure in which the reporting relationships are set up as a grid, or matrix, rather […]

Departmentalization Departmentalization refers to the formal structure of the organization, composed of various departments and managerial positions and their relationships with each other. As an […]

Differences between line and line and staff Organization Line organizational structure is one of the simplest types of organizational structures. Its authority flows from top […]

Line Organization Structure Line organization structure is one of the simplest types of organizational structures. Its authority flows from top to bottom. Unlike other structures, […]

Swot Analysis SWOT (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats) analysis is a framework used to evaluate a company’s competitive position and to develop strategic planning. It […]

Methods of Environmental Scanning The following are the common methods of environmental scanning: Extrapolation method- Under this method the future situation is estimated on the basis […]

Implementation of Strategic Planning Strategy implementation is the method by which strategies are operationalized. For this, managers should form organization structure, divide works and allocate […]

Formulation of Strategic Planning Formulation of strategic planning is an analytical process of selection of the best suitable course of action to meet the organizational […]

Methods of Planning On the basis of tradition and assumption, organizations may adopt different methods of planning. It may vary from organization to organization. Broadly, […]

Emerging Business Environment in Nepal After the 90s great changes occurred in the political, economic, socio-cultural and technological environment in Nepal. The government has adopted […]

General Environment General environment refers to broad external conditions that may affect the business activities of an organization. It is also known as macro environment. […]

Specific or Task Environment The task environment consists of specific organizations or groups that influence an organization’s performance. Each organization may have a unique task […]

Internal Environment The internal environment is a component of the business environment, which is composed of various elements present inside the organization, that can affect […]

Types of Environment All the factors and forces affecting the survival and growth of business organizations are known as the business environment. There are two […]

How Organizations adapt to Their Environments The components of the environment affect the functioning of a business organization. The management should develop some alternative strategies […]

How Environment Affects Organization The effect of environments on the organization can be studied from three basic perspectives. The points of how environment affects organization […]

Components of Staffing Function Staffing function in an organization has several important components. We can identify five crucial components of the staffing function. These components […]

Tools to Aid Decision Making Quantitative tools are the use of mathematical and other scientific means for solution. These tools assist in finding the optimum […]

Process of Planning The planning process is the steps a company takes to develop budgets to guide its future activities. The documents developed may include […]