Input-Output Statement
An input-output statement or IO statement is a portion of a program. Input means to provide the program with some data to be used in the program and Output means to display data on-screen or write the data to a printer or a file. C programming language provides many built-in functions to read any given input and to display data on the screen when there is a need to output the result.
Unformatted I/O
Unformatted I/O is used to transfer binary information to or from memory locations without changing its internal representation. Each execution of an unformatted I/O statement causes a single logical record to be read or written.
Formatted I/O
Formatted output converts the internal binary representation of the data to ASCII characters which are written to the output file.
Type of Conversion
In computer science, type conversion or typecasting refers to changing an entity of one data type into another. There are two types of conversion: implicit and explicit. The term for implicit type conversion is coercion. Explicit type conversion in some specific way is known as casting.
C Libraries
The C standard library is the standard library for the C programming language, as specified in the ANSI C standard.
Macros
A macro is a fragment of code that has been given a name, Object-like macros resemble data objects when used, function-like macros resemble function calls. You may define any valid identifier as a macro, even if it is a C keyword. The preprocessor does not know anything about keywords.
Recursion
Recursion in computer science is a method of solving a problem where the solution depends on solutions to smaller instances of the same problem. Such problems can generally be solved by iteration.
Header Files and Proto Typing
A header file is a file containing C declarations and macro definitions (see Macros) to be shared between several source files. You request the use of a header file in your program by including it, with the C preprocessing directive ‘ #include ‘.
A prototype is a draft version of a product that allows you to explore your ideas and show the intention behind a feature or the overall design concept to users before investing time and money into development.
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